The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a multilateral environmental agreement on: (1) the conservation of biodiversity; (2) the sustainable use of the components of biological diversity; and (3) the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources. For the previous decade the actions of Parties to the CBD were guided by the “Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020”, including its 20 “Aichi Biodiversity Targets”. The Conference of the Parties (COP) is the governing body of the Convention, which advances implementation of the Convention through the decisions it takes at its meetings, which are normally held every two years.